What are the items in uterine examination?

When a woman's body shows abnormal conditions, she should be checked in time, so that she can have a good grasp of her own physical condition and avoid aggravating the problem. The most common one is gynecological diseases. This disease is very easy for women to suffer from, and after suffering from such a disease, it is also a great threat to women's health. When a woman's uterus shows abnormalities, she should be checked in time. What are the items for uterine examination?

Uterine examination items:

1. Medical history: Endometrial cancer patients are mostly elderly women with delayed menopause or irregular menstruation; they are often infertile or have few parities, and are complicated by obesity, hypertension, and diabetes. If there is irregular vaginal bleeding or smelly discharge after menopause, it should be paid more attention. For young patients with irregular vaginal bleeding, the cause should be carefully identified, especially those who have not been cured after treatment, who should also undergo diagnostic curettage. Vaginal discharge and abdominal pain are late symptoms.

2. Clinical examination: General gynecological examination in the early stage often reveals nothing, the uterus is not large, the cervix is ​​smooth, and there are no abnormalities in the adnexa. In the late stage of the disease, the uterus is larger than the corresponding age. In some cases, the finger cuff is stained with bloody leucorrhea or rotten cancerous tissue after bimanual examination; in some cases, protruding polyp-like tumors can be seen at the cervical opening. However, endometrial cancer can coexist with uterine fibroids, so an enlarged uterus does not necessarily mean it is advanced endometrial cancer.

3. Cytology examination: The diagnosis rate of endometrial cancer by vaginal cytology examination is lower than that of cervical cancer. The reasons are: ① Columnar epithelial cells do not often fall off; ② When the shed cells pass through the endocervical canal to the vagina, they are often dissolved and degenerated, making them difficult to identify; ③ Sometimes the endocervical canal is narrowed and closed, making it difficult for the shed cells to reach the vagina. In order to improve the positive diagnosis rate, many scholars have improved the location and method of specimen collection. With the improvement of diagnostic technology, the positive diagnosis rate of uterine cancer has also been greatly improved.

4. Ultrasound examination: Hysteroscopy is of certain significance in assessing the size, location, degree of myometrial infiltration, whether the tumor has penetrated the uterine serosa, or whether it has involved the cervical canal of endometrial cancer. The diagnostic consistency rate is 79.3% to 81.82%. It has been reported that the accuracy of ultrasound is about 87% when examined in patients over 45 years old and compared with hysteroscopy and biopsy. In addition, Xie Yanggui and others performed B-ultrasound examinations according to the UICC staging method. According to the tumor site, muscle invasion, parauterine and adjacent organ involvement, and compared with surgical exploration and pathology, the staging consistency rate reached 92.9%. B-ultrasound is a non-invasive and non-radioactive examination for patients, so it is one of the routine examinations for endometrial cancer. It has certain reference value, especially in understanding myometrial invasion and clinical staging.

After understanding the uterine examination items, women should actively cooperate during the examination. These examination items can give a good understanding of the condition of the female uterus. Moreover, if any abnormality occurs during the examination, women should inform the doctor in time. This is also a kind of protection for their own body and avoids causing damage to their body during the examination.