Female genitalia

The reproductive organs are the part of the sex organs that is located outside the abdomen. The male reproductive organs include the male genitals and scrotum, while the female reproductive organs include the mons pubis, labia majora and minora, clitoris, urethral orifice and vestibule.

1. Female reproductive organs:

The female reproductive organ is also known as the female vulva, which includes the mons pubis, labia majora and minora, clitoris, vaginal vestibule and perineum. It is located between the inner sides of the thighs, with the ischial tuberosity in front and the perineum behind.

The perineum refers to the soft tissue between the vulva and the anus. The mons pubis is the adipose tissue covering the ischial tuberosity, with skin layer and pubic hair growing on it. The prismatic area is the vaginal vestibule, which includes the vestibular bulb (also known as the spherical sea level body), the greater Bartholin's glands (also known as the Bartholin's glands, which open in the groove between the labia minora and the hymen), the urethral opening, the vulva and the hymen. The labia majora contain human fat, blood vessels, lymph vessels and nerves. The labia minora is located inside the labia majora and is rich in nerve endings. The top of the labia minora on both sides is the clitoris, which is relatively sensitive and can become hard.

2. Male reproductive organs:

Men's reproductive organs include mons pubis, genitalia and scrotum. The mons pubis is located in the pubic symphysis, triangular in shape, with the bottom on top, separated from the abdomen by a shallow transverse groove, and the lower part of the groin on both sides. It is rich in fat, and the genitals and scrotum are loose.

Embryonic development of female reproductive organs:

At the 5th week of IVF, wrinkles appear on both sides of the cloaca, converging forward to the center line to form a reproductive mass. With the cloaca separated by the uroduodenal diaphragm and the subsequent perineum, the anterior cloacal fold is called the urogenital fold, and the posterior one is called the anorectal fold. The genital mass begins to grow, and in female test tube embryos, it grows slowly and becomes the clitoris; the urogenital folds produce the labia minora. In male test tube embryos, the reproductive mass continues to grow and develop to form the male genitals; the urogenital folds merge with each other and surround the urethral opening of the male genitals. On both sides of the urogenital folds, another pair of protrusions are produced, which are called vulvar scrotal processes in the unmitotic stage. In the absence of androgens, these two ridges do not fuse, forming the labia majora. The urogenital sinus eventually develops into the vaginal vestibule, where the urethral opening, vagina, and Bartholin's glands open.