What tests can diagnose bladder cancer early? How to prevent it?

Bladder cancer refers to a malignant tumor that occurs on the bladder mucosa. It is the most common malignant tumor of the urinary system and one of the ten most common tumors in the body. It ranks first in the incidence of urogenital tumors in my country, and second in the West after prostate cancer.

1. What kind of people are prone to bladder cancer?

Bladder cancer is more common in people over 50 years old, and more common in men than in women. The incidence is related to many factors, with long-term smoking and occupational exposure (such as exposure to aromatic amine chemicals and dyes) being the main risk factors.

The cause of bladder cancer is still unclear. It involves both internal genetic factors and external environmental factors, and its occurrence and development are affected by multiple factors.

2. What tests can diagnose bladder cancer early?

1. Cystoscopy

It is the most important and indispensable method for diagnosing bladder cancer. All patients suspected of bladder cancer should undergo cystoscopy.

2. Imaging examination

1. Ultrasound examination: Before cystoscopy, transabdominal ultrasound examination is performed to obtain a preliminary understanding of the condition of the urinary system as an initial screening for bladder cancer.

2. Cystography: When the tumor is large, it can show the filling and emptying caused by the tumor, which is helpful for diagnosis and formulation of treatment plans.

3. CT examination: CT examination is used for the diagnosis and staging of bladder cancer.

4. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI): It has certain advantages in the depth of bladder wall infiltration, the relationship between pelvic organs and tumors, and upper urinary tract hydrops caused by bladder cancer.

5. Lymph node metastasis: Bladder cancer is prone to lymph node metastasis.

6. Bladder arteriography: It can show tumor blood vessels and is often used for palliative arterial embolization treatment of advanced bladder cancer.

3. Urine cytology examination

Urine cytology is simple and non-invasive. Urine can come into contact with the entire urinary tract and may reveal lesions that are difficult to detect with cystoscopy. It plays an important role in the diagnosis of bladder cancer, observation of therapeutic effects and postoperative monitoring.

3. How to prevent bladder cancer?

Eat more fresh vegetables, eat a light diet, eat less high-fat, spicy, and fried foods, quit smoking and drinking. Avoid long-term contact with aromatic substances, quit smoking and drinking, actively treat chronic bladder inflammation, overcome bad living habits, eat less foods containing additives, and drink more water. Learn medical knowledge about bladder cancer, understand the condition, and actively treat it.

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