Lipexin-type hypoglycemic drugs can lower blood sugar and blood pressure, protecting both the heart and the kidneys.

A friend left a message to Huazi, saying that he recently heard about a type of hypoglycemic drug called "Liejing", which can not only lower blood sugar, but also lower blood pressure, and also protect the heart and kidneys. What is the mechanism of action of this drug, and is there anything I need to pay attention to when using it?

Huazi said that the news he heard was correct. The full name of the glucose-lowering drugs of the gliflozin class is "sodium-glucose co-transporter 2 (SGLT-2) inhibitors". Because the drug names all contain the word "gliflozin", they are referred to as gliflozin drugs for short. Currently, the commonly used ones are dapagliflozin, canagliflozin, and empagliflozin.

1. Drugs that excrete sugar through the kidneys The hypoglycemic principle of the levofloxacin class of drugs is to regulate the permeability of the renal tubules to glucose, increase the excretion of urinary sugar, and reduce the blood sugar level. The primary urine produced by the human kidneys contains glucose, but the final urine does not contain glucose. This is because when the primary urine flows through the renal tubules, the glucose in it will be almost completely reabsorbed back into the blood.

The protein responsible for reabsorbing glucose in the renal tubules is the sodium-glucose co-transporter 2 (SGLT-2). Glenin drugs inhibit SGLT-2, thereby reducing the reabsorption of glucose in the primary urine. A large amount of sugar is excreted from the urine, lowering blood sugar.

2. What is the effect of Levitra? Normally, the original urine filtered out by the kidneys contains about 180 grams of glucose every day, which is almost completely reabsorbed. If you take one tablet of Levitra every day, the amount of glucose reabsorption will be reduced by half, that is, about 90 grams of glucose will be excreted from the body with urine. This is equivalent to walking 15,000 steps, or eating half a pound of rice less calories, which has the effect of reducing weight.

Gleopoldine drugs do not affect insulin secretion, and rarely cause hypoglycemia when used alone. In addition, while promoting glucose excretion, they also promote sodium excretion, which can lower blood pressure. At the same time, they can also reduce uric acid levels, making them suitable for gout patients.

3. Protective effect on cardiovascular and kidneys In terms of hypoglycemic effect, gliflozin has similar effects to metformin, but gliflozin has cardiovascular protective effect. Cardiovascular protection is indirectly achieved through hypoglycemic, hypotensive, weight loss, and uric acid lowering effects. Clinical trials have shown that empagliflozin has the strongest cardiovascular protective function, followed by canagliflozin, and dapagliflozin is the worst.

Related studies have shown that increasing the excretion of urinary sugar does not damage the kidneys. On the contrary, dapagliflozin can reduce proteinuria, reduce the risk of proteinuria, and reduce renal events such as renal function deterioration, dialysis, and the risk of death from kidney disease, and has a good protective effect on the kidneys. The United States has now approved dapagliflozin for the treatment of chronic kidney disease and to slow the progression of chronic kidney disease.

IV. The difference between the three gliflozin drugs There are currently six gliflozin drugs in the world, three of which are on the market in China, namely canagliflozin, empagliflozin and dapagliflozin. The difference between them in terms of hypoglycemic effects is not significant. The difference mainly lies in the requirements for taking and the incidence of adverse reactions.

In terms of renal function requirements, dapagliflozin requires an estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) of 60 or above for use, while canagliflozin and empagliflozin require an eGFR of 45 or above.

In terms of genital infections, all three gliflozin drugs increase the risk of genital infections, with a higher incidence in women than in men. In terms of urinary tract infections, dapagliflozin increases the infection rate, while canagliflozin and empagliflozin do not increase the risk of urinary tract infections overall. During medication, increasing water intake and ensuring urine output can prevent urinary tract and genital infections.

Gleopoldine drugs may increase the risk of diabetic ketoacidosis, but the incidence is not high. It mainly occurs in patients with type 1 diabetes and is rare in patients with type 2 diabetes. The main symptoms are nausea, vomiting, abdominal pain, shortness of breath, etc. If similar symptoms occur during medication, you need to seek medical attention immediately.

Canagliflozin increases the risk of lower limb fractures and amputations, and monitoring should be strengthened when it is used.

In summary, levofloxacin can lower blood sugar, blood pressure, and uric acid, and has a good protective effect on cardiovascular and kidney. When taking the medicine, because of increased urine sugar excretion, genital and urinary tract infections are common adverse reactions, which can be prevented by drinking more water and increasing urine volume. The medicine must be used under the guidance of a doctor. If you have any questions about the use of the medicine, please consult a doctor or pharmacist in time. I am pharmacist Huazi, welcome to follow me and share more health knowledge.