Should I keep the fallopian tubes after hysterectomy?

For some serious gynecological diseases, hysterectomy is required. Although this method will affect women's fertility, it can control the harm of the disease. Many women will consult their doctors whether they can retain the fallopian tubes when they have their hysterectomy. After all, if they can ovulate normally, surrogacy is still possible. So, when removing the uterus, should the fallopian tubes be retained?

The fallopian tubes are a pair of slender and curved muscular tubes in women, 10 to 12 cm long and about 5 mm in diameter. They are located on both sides of the fundus of the uterus and wrapped in the upper edge of the broad ligament of the uterus. It extends from the two horns of the uterus to the left and right ovaries respectively, and is the channel that transports egg cells into the uterus.

In terms of tissue structure, it is rich in elastic tissue, blood vessels and lymphatic vessels. The tissue changes that occur in the fallopian tube mucosa during the menstrual cycle are similar to those of the endometrium, but not as significant. During the follicular phase, epithelial cells are longer, those with cilia are wider, and the nucleus is close to the edge; those without cilia are narrower, and the nucleus moves closer to the base; during the luteal phase, secretory cells are larger, taller than ciliated cells, and their nuclei are squeezed out; during the menstrual period, the above changes are more prominent. After menopause, its mucosal properties. The epithelial cells are short and grow rapidly. The reason for the change is the change in the ratio of estrogen and progesterone, the sex hormones secreted by the ovaries.

Hysteroscopy can directly observe the presence of space-occupying lesions in the uterine cavity, the condition of the endometrium and the opening of the fallopian tube, and treat uterine cavity lesions. With the continuous development and improvement of hysteroscopic technology, hysteroscopic tubal catheterization and dredging for the treatment of proximal tubal obstruction has been proven to be a relatively simple, safe, economical and effective method, and has played an increasingly important role in the treatment of tubal infertility.

The muscle tissue of the fallopian tube is generally divided into two layers, namely the circular inner layer and the longitudinal outer layer. On the distal side of the tube, the two layers become less distinct and are replaced at the fimbria by a network of interwoven muscle fibers. The muscle tissue of the fallopian tubes contracts rhythmically, and the contraction rate varies with the menstrual cycle. The greatest contraction rate and intensity occur during egg transfer, and are weakest and slowest during pregnancy; the lumen of the fallopian tube is covered with mucous membrane, the epithelium of which is composed of a single layer of columnar cells.