The role of female kidneys

The kidneys can be said to be the source of our energy. They are very important to everyone. Many people think that men should take better care of their kidneys, but for women, if their kidneys are not healthy, some problems are likely to occur. If a woman's kidneys are healthy, her complexion will be very good. At the same time, she will be very energetic and full of vitality.

The kidney is an organ of vertebrates and part of the urinary system. It is responsible for filtering impurities in the blood, maintaining the balance of body fluids and electrolytes, and finally producing urine to be excreted from the body through the urethra. It also has endocrine functions to regulate blood pressure. In the human body, normal adults have two kidneys, located behind the waist on both sides. The enzymes unique to the kidneys are glycerol kinase and phosphoenolpyruvate carboxykinase, which are very important enzymes.

Regulate body water

The main site for regulating the body's water and osmotic pressure balance is the renal tubules. The proximal tubule is an isotonic reabsorption site and an important site for the absorption of Na+ and secretion of H+. In the proximal tubule, glucose and amino acids are completely recovered, bicarbonate is recovered by 70%-80%, and water and sodium are recovered by about 65%-70%. The filtrate is further concentrated after entering the loop of Medullary and about 25% sodium chloride and 15% water are reabsorbed. The distal convoluted and collecting tubules are impermeable to water, but can absorb some sodium salts, thus maintaining the fluid in a hypotonic state.

Electrolyte concentration

Glomerular filtrate contains a variety of electrolytes. After entering the renal tubules, most of the sodium, potassium, calcium, magnesium, bicarbonate, chloride and phosphate ions are reabsorbed. The amount of absorption is regulated by neuroendocrine and humoral factors according to the needs of the human body.

Regulate acid-base balance

The kidney's regulation of acid-base balance includes: ① excretion of H+ and resynthesis of HCO3-, which is mainly completed in the distal nephron; ② excretion of acidic anions, such as SO42-, PO43-, etc.; ③ reabsorption of filtered HCO3-.

Endocrine function

It can secrete a lot of hormones and destroy many polypeptide hormones. The endocrine hormones secreted by the kidneys mainly include vasoactive hormones and renin, prostaglandins, and kinin-like substances, which participate in the regulation of vasoconstriction and relaxation of blood vessels inside and outside the kidneys; they can also produce 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3 and erythropoietin.