How to do a cervical examination

Cervical examination refers to a comprehensive examination and diagnosis of the cervix. Such an examination can help with good treatment and prevent lesions. The content of cervical examination is relatively large, including vaginal examination, probe examination, angiography, cervical cancer examination, etc. These good examinations can avoid worsening of symptoms and provide a good diagnostic basis for treatment.

1. Vaginal examination

Check the position of the cervix, the size and shape of the external opening, the amount and nature of secretions, the presence of cervical erosion, etc. At the same time, use bacteriological examination to examine the cervical mucus, and perform scraping or colposcopy when necessary.

2. Probe inspection

The probe examination is simple and practical. It can detect the direction and length of the cervical canal and its ratio to the cervix, the presence of stenosis and adhesions, and the tightness of the internal cervical os. For those suspected of abnormalities, further angiography should be considered. Hysterosalpingography can not only detect uterine and fallopian tube lesions, but endocervical canalography is also extremely helpful in studying infertility treatment.

3. Angiography

Contrast examination can very well show the length and shape of the cervical canal, and can make a clear diagnosis of cervical growths, congenital malformations, stenosis, adhesions and uterine curvature. Angiography can also be used to measure the length and proportion of the cervical canal and uterine body. Angiography is often successful, especially for patients with genital dysplasia and cervical stenosis in whom probe examination fails.

4. Postcoital test (PCT)

The post-coital test (PCT) for cervical infertility examination performed during the predicted ovulation period can determine whether the compatibility between sperm and cervical mucus is normal. Abstain from sex for 3-7 days. Within 2-8 hours after sexual intercourse, use a speculum to expose the cervix and collect fluid from the posterior vaginal fornix to check for active sperm. If sperm is present, sexual intercourse was successful.

5.SCC cervical cancer screening

SCC is a tumor marker with good specificity and is the earliest used to diagnose squamous cell carcinoma. It has a high diagnostic value for cervical cancer, with a sensitivity of 44%-69% for primary cervical squamous cell carcinoma, a sensitivity of 67%-100% for recurrent cancer, and a specificity of 90%-96%.