How to surgically treat breast fibroids

Surgical treatment of breast fibroids is a common method. Surgical treatment is also to better avoid the occurrence of malignant lesions. Surgical methods include traditional surgical resection and minimally invasive surgical resection. The correct treatment method should be selected according to the situation.

1) Timing of surgery: ① For unmarried women, those with a basically clear diagnosis can be considered for elective surgical resection before or after marriage under close follow-up, depending on the patient's wishes; ② For patients who plan to become pregnant after marriage, it is often recommended that surgical resection be performed before planned pregnancy to help avoid surgery during pregnancy and lactation, because both pregnancy and lactation can accelerate tumor growth. ③ For those whose tumors are discovered after pregnancy, surgical resection should be performed between the 4th and 6th months of pregnancy. ④ For those whose tumors grow suddenly faster in a short period of time without pregnancy, breastfeeding, trauma, etc., surgery should be performed promptly. ⑤ It is best to avoid the premenstrual period and menstrual period when the surgery is performed.

2) Surgical method:

① Traditional surgical excision: The surgical skin incision is selected based on aesthetics and the convenience of complete surgical excision. The arc-shaped incision along the edge of the areola will leave a small scar after healing and will be less visually obvious. For those with multiple lesions, an incision in the crease below the breast can be considered. The principle of layered incision should be implemented during the operation. The skin and subcutaneous layer can be incised along the direction of the skin grain, while the mammary gland layer needs to be incised radially with the nipple as the center to reduce damage to the mammary ducts. Surgery involves complete removal of the entire tumor. The disadvantage of traditional surgery is that it will leave skin incision scars, affecting the appearance of the breasts. For patients whose tumor resection is too large and affects the cosmetic effect of the breast, it may be considered to perform breast reconstruction surgery at the same time as the breast tumor resection.

②Minimally invasive surgical resection: Generally, patients with a clear diagnosis of breast fibroadenoma are selected. A hole (about 3 mm) is pierced in a hidden place such as the armpit or areola, and the tumor is excised using the Mammotome or Eco breast tumor vacuum-assisted excision system under the guidance of ultrasound or molybdenum target X-ray images. The needle is inserted once and multiple cuts are made. There is little pain, and only a hole of about 3 mm is left after the operation. Recovery is fast, and the incision does not need to be sutured, so there is no need to remove the stitches. Multiple tumors can be removed at the same time through one incision. This surgery is particularly suitable for tiny tumors that cannot be felt clinically. The disadvantages are that it is expensive, prone to local bleeding and subcutaneous ecchymosis, and sometimes cannot guarantee complete excision.