Woman's lower abdomen pain and blood in urine

Once a woman has symptoms of lower abdominal pain and blood in the urine, she needs to pay attention to it in time, because this may indicate that she is suffering from acute cystitis. If acute cystitis is not controlled and treated in time, it will cause great harm to women, especially to their urinary system. Next, I will introduce you to some relevant knowledge about acute cystitis!

1. Causes

It is mostly caused by bacterial infection. The pathogenic bacteria are mostly Escherichia coli. It usually occurs in women because the female urethra is shorter than the male urethra and is closer to the anus, making it easier for E. coli to invade. Cystitis is caused by many factors: ① Intrinsic factors of the bladder, such as stones, foreign objects, tumors and indwelling catheters in the bladder, which destroy the defense ability of the bladder mucosa and facilitate bacterial invasion. ② Obstruction of the urinary tract below the bladder neck causes urination difficulties, which results in the loss of urine flushing function, and the residual urine becomes a good culture medium for bacterial growth. ③ Damage to the nervous system, such as nervous system disease or extensive pelvic surgery (hysterectomy or rectal resection), which damages the nerves that control the bladder, causing difficulty in urination and causing infection.

2. Clinical manifestations

1. Urinary tract irritation

The onset is sudden, with obvious frequent urination, urgency, pain, bladder and urethra spasm. In severe cases, it is similar to urinary incontinence, and the patient is often unable to leave the toilet and is unbearable. There is a burning sensation in the urethra during urination, increased pain at the end of urination, pain in the perineum and suprapubic area, and mild tenderness in the bladder area. Severe cases may be complicated by acute prostatitis, but the systemic symptoms are generally not obvious.

2. Urine test

The urine is turbid, with pus cells in the urine, terminal hematuria is common, and sometimes complete hematuria.

3. Simple cystitis

The inflammation is limited to the mucosal layer, and there is often no fever, no increase in white blood cell count, and no systemic symptoms. High fever only occurs when it is complicated by acute pyelonephritis, prostatitis, or epididymitis.

Treatment

Rest in bed, drink plenty of water, avoid irritating foods, and use hot water sitz baths or suprapubic hot compresses to improve local blood circulation and relieve symptoms. Take sodium bicarbonate or potassium citrate orally to alkalize urine and reduce irritation to the urinary tract. Flavonoids (Urinary), belladonna, and atropine can relieve bladder spasms.

Choose appropriate antimicrobial drugs according to the genus of pathogenic bacteria. Before the drug sensitivity results are available, trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole, cephalosporins, and quinolones can be used. After treatment, the condition generally improves rapidly, pus cells in the urine disappear, and cell culture turns negative. Short-term 3-day therapy should be used as much as possible to avoid unnecessary long-term medication to prevent drug resistance or increase side effects, but measures to prevent recurrence should be strengthened. If the symptoms do not disappear, pus cells in the urine continue to exist, and the culture is still positive, bacterial resistance and infection triggers should be considered. More appropriate antimicrobial drugs should be adjusted in time and the application time should be extended in order to achieve a complete cure.

Urinary tract infections are common in postmenopausal women and are susceptible to reinfection. The lack of estrogen causes a decrease in lactobacilli in the vagina and an increase in the reproduction of pathogenic bacteria, which is an important factor in infection. Estrogen replacement therapy can maintain a normal vaginal environment, increase lactobacilli and eliminate pathogenic bacteria, thereby reducing the occurrence of urinary tract infections.