Menstrual cycle terminology

The physiological cycle is also called the physiological period or menstrual period. It is generally 28-35 days, and the length of the cycle varies from person to person. When making an estimate, the time of menarche and the time interval between two menstrual periods should be included in the calculation. You can observe carefully and figure it out. The following include the three stages of the physiological cycle. It is more accurate to include them in the statistical analysis during the measurement.

1. Menstrual period: lasts about 5 days. During this period, the uterine wall, except for the base material, bleeds, collapses and falls off. The basic principle is not very clear, but it may be related to the sudden decrease in estrogen and corpus luteum copper metabolism. Each menstrual volume is about 50-200ml, of which about 35ml is blood.

2. Proliferative phase: It lasts about 7-10 days. During this period, under the action of estrogen, the thickness of the uterine wall increases and the proliferation of glandular ducts increases, but there is no metabolism. This period is equivalent to the whole process of the perfection of new eggs in the uterus and ovaries. At the end of this period, the uterus and ovaries are completely divided and the egg is released.

3. Metabolic period: about 13-14 days. During this period, the uterine gland duct continues to expand under the action of the corpus luteum copper, becomes tortuous and begins to metabolize, the interstitial space becomes loose and swollen, which is suitable for the implantation of sperm and egg combination. If fertilization has not occurred, the corpus luteum begins to decline, the uterine wall collapses and falls off, and the cycle returns to the first stage.

Irregular menstrual cycle

There are many reasons for irregular menstrual cycles in women, generally speaking, they are as follows:

1. Endocrine imbalance. Endocrine reasons such as polycystic ovary syndrome and ovarian aging can lead to irregular menstrual cycles in women.

2. Chronic diseases. Women suffering from chronic diseases such as chronic hepatitis, tuberculosis, tumors, and hypothyroidism often suffer from irregular menstrual cycles due to vitamin A deficiency.

3. Cervical adhesion. Menstrual blood cannot be discharged from the body normally due to the adhesion of the cervix, but accumulates in the uterus. The patient will experience regular abdominal pain, and B-ultrasound examination may reveal a shadow in the uterine cavity, which usually requires cervical dilation surgery. If this condition is not treated in time, it may cause uterine ectopic pregnancy and even infertility.

4. Excessive weight loss. In order to maintain their charm, many women take some weight loss drugs or diet too much, which can also cause irregular menstrual cycles. If it is just a short-term excessive weight loss, generally after a normal meal, the menstrual cycle will recover after a period of time; but for women who have long-term excessive weight loss, medication is usually required, and it will take a long time to restore the menstrual cycle.

5. Premature ovarian failure. Premature ovarian failure is caused by abnormalities in the ovaries. The clinical symptoms of premature ovarian failure are delayed menstruation, infrequent menstruation, amenorrhea and infertility. It may also be accompanied by vaginal dryness, sweating, insomnia and other symptoms similar to female menopause.

6. Pregnancy. If your menstrual cycle has always been normal, with little delay, and you have some symptoms of pregnancy, such as morning sickness, drowsiness, fatigue, etc., then the irregular menstrual cycle may be caused by pregnancy.