Purpose of endometrial biopsy

In fact, the technology of endometrial biopsy is now very mature, but many patients will not easily undergo endometrial biopsy before reaching the final stage. Although endometrial biopsy seems safe, it has a great impact on the body. Especially after the examination, the body will experience some discomfort. So, what is the purpose of endometrial biopsy?

1. How to perform endometrial biopsy

A thin metal or plastic tube is passed through the cervix into the uterine cavity. The tube is moved back and forth, left and right, while suction is performed at the outer end to suck out and collect endometrial tissue for laboratory examination. The cause of abnormal bleeding can usually be diagnosed. Endometrial biopsy can be done in a doctor's office without anesthesia and feels like menstrual cramps. Endometrial biopsy refers to a minor surgery performed before or within 12 hours of menstruation. Take some endometrium for examination. If there is a change in secretion, it means ovulation has occurred. If there is a proliferative change, it means no ovulation has occurred. You can also check for other lesions such as endometrial tuberculosis.

How to do endometrial biopsy

2. Why do you need an endometrial biopsy?

2.1. Determine corpus luteum function: If the phase of endometrial tissue biopsy lags behind the Neuss standard by more than 2 days, corpus luteum insufficiency can be diagnosed.

2.2. Determine whether ovulation occurs: If the endometrial biopsy shows the secretory phase, it means that ovulation occurs in this cycle; if it is still in the proliferative phase, it means that there is no ovulation in this cycle.

2.3. Diagnosis of endometrial diseases: such as endometrial hyperplasia, endometrial polyps, submucous uterine fibroids, endometrial tuberculosis, etc.

3. The best time for endometrial biopsy

A small piece of endometrium (the thin mucus lining the uterus) is removed 1 to 3 days before your expected menstrual period. An endometrial biopsy involves inserting a small instrument through the cervix and into the uterus to obtain a sample. Biopsy is primarily used to determine whether the luteal phase of the fertility cycle is adequate. If ovulation has occurred, histological examination will show changes in endometrial glandular secretion. The procedure may cause uterine cramping and discomfort, and if it is done in early pregnancy, it may cause termination of pregnancy, but this risk is very small. Therefore, endometrial biopsy is not used as a first-line diagnostic test.