What is cervical cyst? Can it cause dysmenorrhea and infertility?

A cervical cyst is a cyst of the cervical glands. Women should not ignore the treatment of this disease, because it can easily cause dysmenorrhea or some periodic rectal irritation symptoms, such as swelling and pain in the vulva, and pain in the rectum and anus, and can also seriously cause female infertility.

Cervical Nabothian cyst (also known as "Nabothian cyst"), like cervical erosion and cervical polyps, is a manifestation of chronic cervicitis. During the healing process of cervical erosion, the newly formed squamous epithelium covers the openings of the cervical glandular ducts or extends into the glandular ducts, blocking the openings of the glandular ducts; the connective tissue hyperplasia or scar formation around the glandular ducts compresses the glandular ducts, causing the glandular ducts to narrow or even block them, and the drainage of glandular secretions is obstructed. The cyst formed by retention is called a cervical retention cyst.

The mucus it contains is often clear but may be turbid and purulent due to concurrent infection. The cysts are usually small and scattered and may protrude from the surface of the cervix. The small ones are only the size of millet grains, and the large ones can be as big as corn kernels. They are bluish white in color and may be accompanied by erosion, but they are also common in cervix with smooth surface. Due to the long-term stimulation of chronic inflammation, the cervical tissue repeatedly becomes congested and edematous, inflammatory cells infiltrate and connective tissue proliferates, causing cervical hypertrophy. In severe cases, the cervix can increase by more than 1 times compared to a normal cervix. Severe inflammation may lead to menstrual abnormalities (frequent menstrual abnormalities are directly related to it) and even infertility, cervical malignant lesions, etc.

The harm caused

Dysmenorrhea:

The clinical feature of endometriosis is progressive dysmenorrhea, which is a common and prominent feature. It is mostly secondary, that is, since the occurrence of endometriosis, patients complain that they had no pain during menstruation in the past, but dysmenorrhea began to occur from a certain period, which can occur before, during and after menstruation. Some women experience severe and unbearable dysmenorrhea, requiring bed rest or medication to relieve the pain. They may even roll on the bed or bang their heads in pain. The pain often worsens with the menstrual cycle and disappears when the menstruation ends. However, reports in China show that approximately 21% of women do not have dysmenorrhea.

Symptoms of cyclical rectal irritation:

Progressively aggravated cyclical rectal irritation symptoms are rare in other gynecological diseases and are the most valuable symptoms for diagnosing this disease. The rectum, anus, and vulva feel heavy, painful, and have a feeling of tenesmus, and the frequency of bowel movements is increased. As the lesion gradually worsens, the symptoms become more and more obvious, and disappear after menstruation.

Causes infertility:

About 50% of patients with endometriosis suffer from infertility, and among patients with unexplained infertility, about 30-40% suffer from endometriosis. Endometriosis causes infertility, which is often caused by pelvic masses, adhesions, fallopian tube blockage, poor follicle development or ovulation disorders caused by the disease. Once pregnant, the ectopic endometrium is suppressed and atrophies, which is a good treatment for endometriosis. Some cases of habitual miscarriage are caused by endometriosis.