【Ovarian Health】How to check for polycystic ovary syndrome?

Polycystic ovary syndrome is a disease that has a great impact on women's health, so many women will undergo polycystic ovary examination in order to detect and treat it as early as possible to reduce damage. So what are the specific examination methods for polycystic ovary syndrome?

1. Ultrasound examination

The bilateral ovaries were multicystic and enlarged, with thickened and echogenic capsules. A large number of cystic follicles with a diameter of 2 to 9 mm can be seen under the capsule, with more than 10 on one or both sides. They are arranged in a wheel shape around the edge of the ovary, which is called the necklace sign. The ovarian stroma has uneven echogenicity and the endometrium is thickened. Care should be taken to exclude uterine and ovarian tumors and adrenal lesions.

2. CT and MRI

To identify and exclude pelvic tumors.

3. Laparotomy

It is performed when an ovarian tumor is suspected or an ovarian wedge resection is to be performed.

4. Retroperitoneal pneumatic angiography and hysterosalpingography

Objective To observe the morphology and size of ovaries and adrenal glands in order to identify the cause of hyperandrogenism.

5. Endoscope

It includes laparoscope and laparoscopy to directly observe the ovarian morphology or perform treatments such as biopsy, puncture, wedge resection and electrocautery.

6. Curettage and endometrial examination

Patients aged 35 years or older should undergo routine diagnostic curettage and endometrial examination to understand the endometrial histological changes (cystic type/adenomatous type/atypical hyperplasia) and rule out endometrial cancer.

7. Hormone determination

A. Gonadotropin: About 75% of patients have elevated LH, normal or decreased PSH, and LH/FSH ≥ 3. B. Steroid hormones: 1. The total amount of estrogen can reach 140pg/ml, and androdiol is equivalent to the early follicular level of about 60pg/ml. The increase in extragonadal estrone production makes E1/E2 ≥1. 2. Elevated androgens, including testosterone, dihydrotestosterone, androstenedione, and 17-ketosteroids. As SHBG decreases, free androgens increase. 3. Increased adrenal DHEAS production, plasma concentration ≥ 3.3 μg/ml, 17-hydroxyprogesterone also increased (normal laparoscopy, to directly observe ovarian morphology or perform biopsy, puncture, wedge resection and electrocautery and other treatments.