[Medical Q&A] How to provide emergency and effective first aid at the scene of a fracture?

Planner: Chinese Medical Association

Reviewer: Shao Zengwu, Chief Physician and Professor of Union Hospital affiliated to Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology

The purpose of first aid treatment at the scene of fracture is to save the patient's life with simple and effective methods, protect the affected limb, and transport the patient safely and quickly so that the patient can receive more appropriate treatment. Before treating the fracture patient, pay attention to the patient's airway, breathing, circulation and limb blood supply.

1. Save lives: In a state of shock, first fight shock; when coma is caused by craniocerebral injury, pay attention to keeping the airway open; patients with suspected fractures should be treated as fractures.

2. Wound bandaging: When an open wound is bleeding, cover the wound with gauze and then apply pressure with a bandage; when large blood vessels are bleeding, use a tourniquet and record the time; when the fracture end is exposed and contaminated and does not compress blood vessels or nerves, bandage it directly and wait for the wound to be repositioned after debridement. If it is repositioned on its own, the specific situation should be reported.

3. Proper fixation: Find splints, sticks and other items for external fixation. The injured upper limb can be tied to the chest, and the injured lower limb can be tied to the healthy side.

4. Rapid transfer: Immediately send to the nearest hospital for treatment.