What are the steps to be taken in cervical cancer screening?

Cervical cancer is a malignant tumor that seriously threatens women's reproductive health. Its incidence rate is gradually increasing, which requires the attention of female friends. Since there are basically no symptoms in the early stages of cervical cancer, female friends are advised to conduct cervical cancer screening regularly every year for their own health. So what types of cervical cancer screening are needed? In order to better carry out screening for everyone, I will introduce step by step what items need to be done in cervical cancer screening:

1. Cervical smear cytology test, also known as TCT test, is the initial, intermediate and most important method for cervical cancer screening. The sample is usually scraped from the cervical transition zone. Send to laboratory for cytological examination.

2. Cervical iodine test. Because under normal circumstances, the squamous epithelial cells inside the cervix and vagina are rich in glycogen, and they turn dark brown or dark red after being stained with iodine solution. If there is no change in color after staining, that is, the unstained area indicates that the epithelial cells at this point do not contain sugar, which is an abnormal situation and there is a possibility of lesions. Sampling in the iodine-unstained area should be carried out for a puncture biopsy for further diagnosis.

3. Colposcopy: When TCT test shows abnormalities, that is, cervical scraping cytology shows Papanicolaou grade III or above and TBS indicates squamous intraepithelial neoplasia, it is necessary to select the abnormal lesion area for cervical biopsy under colposcopy observation.

4. Biopsy of the cervix and endocervical canal. It is the most reliable basis for diagnosing cervical cancer and cervical precancerous lesions. The tissue sample should include the interstitial space and all adjacent normal tissues. If the cervical smear shows a positive type, but the cervix is ​​smooth or the cervical biopsy is negative, in this case, you need to use a small scraper to scrape the endocervical canal and send the scraping to the laboratory for pathology examination.

5. Cervical conization. It is when several cervical smear tests are positive but cervical puncture biopsy is negative; or when cervical puncture biopsy is cervical intraepithelial neoplasia and invasive cancer needs to be eliminated, a cervical conization is performed on the cervix and then sent to the pathology laboratory for examination to determine whether there is any lesion.

The above are the new projects to be done in cervical cancer screening. From these new projects, we can see that the next level of testing will only be carried out when problems are found in the previous level of inspection and need to be checked. Therefore, in order to prevent cervical cancer, we should start from the first step of cervical cancer screening and perform TCT examination regularly every year. It is better if there is no abnormality. If there is an abnormality, check it step by step according to these items. Catching the culprit of cervical cancer will have positive significance for preventing cervical cancer.