The latest method of female sterilization

Female sterilization is a method of sterilization that enables pregnant women to achieve permanent contraception. Currently, there are two methods: surgical sterilization and medical sterilization. Sterilization is a permanent contraceptive measure and a key measure to control the rate of population growth.

Vascular ligation (surgical sterilization) is a procedure that involves removing part of the fallopian tubes and tying them off to prevent sperm and egg cells from meeting, thereby achieving the purpose of contraception. With a history of more than 100 years, there are more than 100 types of sterilization surgeries. As early as 1833, some people believed that hysterectomy and castration of the ovaries and uterus were the only basic methods of female sterilization. Later, many scholars gradually conducted scientific research. After continuous practice and summary, most of the sterilization methods were eliminated, and there are only about 10 methods left.

Although this operation is not a major surgery and can be performed in a hospital, it is highly professional. If it is used properly and the operation is skillful, it can take effect immediately. Otherwise, it may affect the health of the operator and hinder the implementation of family planning policy.

my country has been vigorously developing tubal ligation for 40 years. The common methods in China include mesoscopic incision and partial removal of bilateral fallopian tubes (including distal and bilateral entrapment), bilateral double fallopian tube folding ligation, bilateral fallopian tube compression ligation and bilateral fallopian tube fimbrial removal. The ligation treatment methods include abdominal, anterior vaginal, posterior vaginal fornix and groin, with abdominal surgery as the main approach. With the improvement of surgical operation technology and the upgrading of operating room instruments, the abdominal incision has been significantly reduced, the operation time has been significantly reduced, and the stimulation of equipment has also been reduced. Many regions have developed bilateral fallopian tube silver clips and titanium clips, which can also achieve the purpose of blocking the bilateral fallopian tube lumens.

Medical sterilization does not require surgery. It is a method of sterilization that involves injecting acid drugs into both fallopian tubes through the vagina and uterine cavity to block the lumen of both fallopian tubes. Because the drugs used are corrosive and have high adhesion and blocking properties, improper use may cause serious reactions. For example, if you want to get pregnant again for some reason, there is basically no chance of re-canalization, and it cannot be promoted. Commonly used medicines also need to be improved. The overseas exploration of bilateral fallopian tube sterilization drugs has a history of more than 100 years, but no satisfactory results have been achieved so far. The spinulose carboxylic acid paste developed in my country has passed drug evaluation, but there are still certain problems that need further scientific research and improvement.

Scope of application

There are two applicable scopes for sterilization surgery: first, if the woman is married and already has children, and the couple voluntarily applies for sterilization; second, if the woman has severe heart disease, heart failure, chronic kidney disease with poor liver and kidney function and some genetic diseases and is not suitable for pregnancy, she can also undergo this surgery to achieve the effect of infertility.

Its contraindications are as follows: first, it cannot be performed on patients with abdominal skin infection or sexual organ infection; second, the body is very weak and cannot withstand the operation, for example, postpartum hemorrhage, shock, heart failure, etc.; third, it cannot be performed on patients whose body temperature is above 37.5 degrees for two times within 24 hours; fourth, it is not suitable for operation during pregnancy; fifth, the operation should be postponed for patients with serious mental illness.