Five tumor markers for women

When conducting tumor examinations, the examination items for boys and girls are not the same. Generally, girls need to undergo five tumor marker tests, which can clearly determine the extent of the tumor. If there is tumor cancer cell invasion, it will be very obvious, so it is an essential examination item. So, what are the five female markers? How should we judge the values?

5 tumor markers for women: including AFP+CEA+CA19-9+CA15-3+CA125

AFP:

It is the most sensitive and specific indicator for early diagnosis of primary liver cancer and is suitable for large-scale surveys. If the blood AFP value of an adult is elevated, it indicates the possibility of liver cancer. A significant increase in AFP levels generally indicates primary hepatocellular carcinoma. AFP is elevated in 70-95% of patients. The more advanced the disease, the higher the AFP level. However, a negative result cannot rule out primary liver cancer.

CEA:

It is an important tumor-associated antigen, and CEA is difficult to detect in the blood of normal adults. 70-90% of patients with colon adenocarcinoma have highly positive CEA. The positivity rates in other malignant tumors are as follows: gastric cancer (60-90%), pancreatic cancer (70-80%), small intestinal adenocarcinoma (60-83%), lung cancer (56-80%), liver cancer (62-75%), breast cancer (40-68%), and urinary tract cancer (31-46%). The positive detection rate of CEA in gastric juice (gastric cancer), saliva (oral cancer, nasopharyngeal cancer) and pleural effusion (lung cancer, liver cancer) is higher because CEA in these tumor "soaking fluids" can exist before in the blood. There is a certain relationship between CEA content and tumor size and the presence or absence of metastasis. When liver metastasis occurs, the increase in CEA is particularly obvious.

CA19-9:

It is a related marker for pancreatic cancer, gastric cancer, colorectal cancer, and gallbladder cancer. A large number of studies have shown that CA19-9 concentration is related to the size of these tumors. It is the most sensitive marker for pancreatic cancer reported so far. 85%-95% of pancreatic cancer patients are positive.

CA15-3:

It is the most important specific marker for breast cancer. 30%-50% of breast cancer patients have significantly elevated CA15-3 levels, and changes in its content are closely related to the treatment effect. It is the best indicator for diagnosing breast cancer patients, monitoring postoperative recurrence, and observing therapeutic effects.

CA125:

It is the preferred marker for ovarian cancer and endometrial cancer. If 65U/ml is used as the positive limit, the accuracy rate of stage III-IV cancer can reach 100%. CA125 is by far the most important indicator for early diagnosis, efficacy observation, prognosis assessment, and monitoring of recurrence and metastasis of ovarian cancer.

Reference value

AFP < 7.00 ng/ml;

CEA < 5.00 μg/L;

CA19-9 < 39.00 KU/L;

CA15-3 < 25.00 KU/L;

CA125< 35.00KU/L.