Characteristics of menstruation with luteal phase atrophy

For many women, menstruation is a love-hate physiological reaction in the female body. Women face the trouble of menstruation every month, which often makes them feel embarrassed and annoyed. For women with dysmenorrhea, the pain during menstruation is even more unbearable. Menstrual health is often linked to women's physical health. Next, let us understand what are the characteristics of incomplete menstruation with corpus luteum atrophy?

Luteal atrophy refers to insufficient progesterone secretion by the corpus luteum, or premature decline of the corpus luteum, resulting in poor endometrial secretion, which in turn leads to difficulty in implantation of the fertilized egg, irregular menstruation or early miscarriage. Incomplete corpus luteum atrophy may be related to insufficient secretion of LH and FSH from the pituitary gland or excessive or insufficient secretion of pituitary prolactin.

After the egg is released, the follicle wall collapses and shrinks, and the rupture of the follicle wall is sealed by bleeding from the follicular membrane blood vessels. At this time, the granulosa cells in the follicle wall proliferate rapidly and turn yellow in color, and are called granulosa-luteal cells. In addition, the cells of the follicle's inner membrane are luteinized and called theca-lutein cells. The yellow fat-like substance of the two is called the corpus luteum. If the ovarian luteal phase is less than or equal to 10 days, the corpus luteum secretes insufficient progesterone and the endometrium secretes poorly, which is called luteal insufficiency.

Incomplete corpus luteum atrophy and ovulatory dysfunctional uterine bleeding often occur in women of childbearing age, most commonly between 30 and 40 years old, and more often after miscarriage.

1. Luteal dysgenesis is manifested as early menstruation, basically regular menstrual cycle, less than 21 days of menstrual flow, and the normal number of days of menstruation are all within the normal range.

2. Incomplete atrophy of the corpus luteum, manifested as normal menstrual cycles, heavy menstrual flow, more on the second and third days, often accompanied by blood clots. The menstrual cycle is normal, the menstruation is continuous and prolonged. Some people have normal menstrual cycle and menstrual flow or slightly more, but then they have continuous menstruation and dark red menstrual color.

What is the cause of corpus luteum atrophy?

Luteal insufficiency may be due to poor pituitary gonadotropin secretion, insufficient estrogen proliferation in the endometrium, or may be caused by hyperprolactinemia. Experts from Xiamen Friendship Maternity and Childbirth Hospital said that corpus luteum defect is usually found during the treatment of female infertility. The researchers found that with clomiphene treatment, luteal phase defects were observed in 20 to 50 percent of cases. Therefore, when using ovulation-inducing drugs, it is necessary to observe whether the corpus luteum function is good and whether there are any signs of corpus luteum insufficiency.