What causes endometrial thickening?

Endometrial thickening is a disease that is more common in women during menopause or puberty and can affect menarche. However, the thickening of the endometrium in some women is physiological. So, what causes the thickening of the endometrium? Next, I will give you a detailed introduction to the causes of endometrial thickening.

What causes endometrial thickening?

Endometrial thickening is more common in middle-aged women over 35 years old. It has certain pathological tendencies, so it is classified as a precancerous lesion. This has a huge impact on women's physical health. So, what causes the thickening of the endometrium? Let me give you a detailed introduction below.

1. Obesity: In obese women, androstenedione metabolized by the kidneys is converted into estrone by the action of aromatase in adipose tissue; the more adipose tissue there is, the stronger the conversion capacity is, and the higher the level of estrone in the blood is, thus causing a persistent estrogen effect.

2. Endocrine multifunctional tumors: Endocrine multifunctional tumors are rare tumors, accounting for 7.5% of endocrine multifunctional tumors. The gonadotropin action of the pituitary gland is abnormal, and uterine ovarian granulosa cell tumors are also tumors that continuously metabolize estrogen.

3. Simple hyperplasia of the uterine wall: The diseased uterus is slightly larger, the endometrium is significantly thickened, and sometimes appears diffusely cystic. The amount of curettage material is large and may be stained with bright red, smooth cystic tissue. Microscopically, the lesions were diffuse, invading the functional layer and dermis of the endometrium, and the glandular ducts were not blocked because of the simultaneous proliferation of the stroma and the glandular ducts. The glandular ducts vary in size and have smooth outlines. The shape of glandular epithelial cells is similar to that of normal late reproductive stage and has no atypia.

4. Complex hyperplasia of the uterine wall: The cause of complex hyperplasia is roughly similar to that of simple hyperplasia, but because the disease is localized, it may also be related to the distribution of growth hormone protein kinase in the tissue. A very small number of complex hyperplasia may develop into intestinal metaplasia, which in turn affects the prognosis. The diseased uterine wall can become thicker or thinner and can also become cystic. Unlike simple hyperplasia, the disease becomes a focal hyperplasia of the glandular duct components without invading the interstitial space. The amount of curettage material can be large or small, and is often contaminated with normal, atrophic or other types of hyperplastic uterine wall.

Because everyone's living environment and physical fitness are different, the causes of endometrial thickening are also different. In fact, you need to go to a professional designated medical institution for examination.

Treatment of endometrial thickening

The treatment of endometrial thickening should be based on different causes and medication. First, check whether the patient has symptoms caused by polycystic ovary, ovarian tumors or other endocrine and neurological disorders, and then perform targeted treatment. Medication and surgery are generally used for treatment.

1. Ovarian induction therapy: This treatment method is mostly used by young patients. Patients should measure their body temperature during the ovulation period. If they are confirmed to have monophasic anovulation, this type of treatment method can be chosen. The drugs used to promote ovulation include clomiphene and chorionic gonadotropin. The dosage of clomiphene is 50-100 mg, once a day, taken on the 5th to 9th day of the menstrual cycle. If necessary, the medication period can be extended by 2-3 days.

2. Treatment of women in the reproductive period by curettage: Generally, one curettage can control bleeding. If bleeding still occurs after curettage, hysteroscopy and B-ultrasound should be performed to check for submucosal uterine fibroids or other organic diseases. Women in the reproductive period may also have infertility and clinical symptoms of anovulatory polycystic ovary syndrome, which should be treated according to polycystic ovary syndrome.

3. Menopause buffer period: It is often anovulatory functional uterine bleeding. If menstruation is infrequent and there are many blood strips or bleeding time is long after curettage and blood circulation, regular progesterone treatment should be given every two months, and follow-up observation should be conducted after 3 cycles.

4. In the middle and late stages of menopause: It should be understood whether to use simple estrogen replacement therapy. After curettage, the replacement therapy can be stopped or estrogen can be added. Estrogen drugs can inhibit endometrial hyperplasia caused by estrogen.