What are the causes of infertility due to low progesterone?

Progesterone, also known as luteinizing hormone in medicine, is a hormone in female friends. It is used to help secrete eggs and promote the formation of embryos. Infertility is also common if progesterone levels are low, as it affects the quality of the eggs and other conditions for pregnancy.

Causes of low progesterone and infertility

Low progesterone refers to luteal insufficiency, insufficient progesterone secretion by the corpus luteum, or premature luteal recession, resulting in poor endometrial secretion, which in turn leads to difficulty in implantation of the fertilized egg or early miscarriage.

1. Low progesterone will be detrimental to embryo implantation

During ovulation, under the action of progesterone secreted by the corpus luteum, the endometrium transforms from the proliferative phase to the secretory phase, making the endometrium receptive to embryo implantation. Decidual cells are transformed from endometrial stromal cells and contain glycogen granules, which provide nutrition to the blastocyst. Progesterone can induce the decidualization of endometrial stroma and regulate the expression of various implantation-related factors in an autocrine or paracrine manner. Therefore, progesterone is necessary to maintain the decidual response. If progesterone is low, it will affect the decidual reaction, which can easily lead to infertility.

2. Low progesterone may cause the embryo to be rejected by the mother

Progesterone has immune protection and can suppress immune responses. A study implanted certain tumor cells into the uterus of animals. Only in animals injected with progesterone were the cells not rejected and implanted into the uterine wall, indicating that progesterone can suppress the immune response. This also shows that when a woman is in a normal pregnancy, the increase in progesterone can prevent the embryo from being rejected by the mother and maintain the pregnancy. When there is a lack of progesterone, the embryo may be rejected by the mother and cause miscarriage.