What is bacterial vaginosis

Bacterial vaginosis is a very common infectious disease in women, which is mainly caused by the increase in the number of anaerobic bacteria. Bacterial vaginosis has a great impact on women's fertility, and some patients even become infertile. The following is an introduction.

1. Cause infertility

Bacterial vaginitis can easily spread to the uterine cavity, causing salpingitis, pelvic inflammatory disease, etc., which can cause infertility.

2. Affect fetal development

During pregnancy, bacterial vaginosis can endanger the fetus, cause fetal movement disorders, and even lead to premature birth or miscarriage.

3. Impact on quality of life

Bacterial vaginitis is accompanied by symptoms such as vulvar itching, which can cause many inconveniences and impacts on women's lives and work, and also affect the lives of couples.

This disease is the most common vaginal infectious disease in women of childbearing age. The incidence rate is 33%~64%. Because this disease can cause a variety of gynecological and obstetric complications, such as pelvic inflammatory disease, post-hysterectomy infection, choriorhinitis, amniotic fluid infection, premature birth, premature rupture of membranes, postpartum endometritis, etc. When bacterial vaginosis is used as a single risk factor, the relative risk of premature birth is 2.6 times that of normal controls; when bacterial vaginosis is used together with other infectious diseases as risk factors, the relative risk of premature birth is as high as 6 times.

The main symptoms of bacterial vaginosis are increased vaginal discharge with a fishy odor, which worsens after sexual intercourse and may be accompanied by vulvar itching and burning sensation. The secretion is grayish white, uniform, thin, and often adheres to the vaginal wall, and can be easily wiped off the vaginal wall. Confirmation: ① Vaginal secretions are thinner and more uniform than normal, and are fish-water-like. ②Vaginal pH value＞4.5. ③The ammonia odor test with fishy smell is positive. That is, put 1 to 2 drops of 1% potassium hydroxide on the vaginal secretion slide, and it is positive if it emits an ammonia smell like rotten fish. ④ Clue cells were detected by wet mount microscopy. Place vaginal secretions on a glass slide, add a few drops of saline solution and mix, then observe under a 400x microscope. More than 20% of the secretions can be found to be clue cells. The diagnosis can be confirmed if three of the above four items are met.