How to check gynecological diseases

Gynecological diseases are a common disease among women and are also a health problem that troubles many women. There are many types of gynecological diseases, some are mild and some are severe. But whether it is a mild gynecological disease or a severe gynecological disease, you need to go to the hospital for examination and treatment in time. So, how do you check for gynecological diseases? Next, I will introduce to you the examination methods for gynecological diseases!

1. Vulva

Purpose of examination: Check whether the skin of the vulva is smooth, whether the color is normal, and whether there are ulcers, dermatitis, growths, and hypopigmentation. Normal vulva: pubic hair points downward in a triangular distribution, labia majora are pigmented, labia minora are slightly red, clitoris length is <2.5cm, and the mucosa around the urethral opening is light pink.

A more in-depth examination is then required, which requires the use of a speculum, which is usually disposable or sterilized and sealed. The doctor will warm it in hot water, apply Vaseline, and then insert the closed duckbill into the vagina, which makes the examination more bearable. The duckbill opens and the inner walls of the vagina, which are usually stuck together, are stretched open, allowing the doctor to clearly see the vagina and cervix.

2. Vagina

Purpose of examination: To check whether the surface of the vaginal mucosa is smooth, whether the texture is normal, whether there are bleeding spots, and whether the properties and odor of vaginal discharge are normal. Normal vagina: The vaginal wall mucosa is light pink in color, with wrinkles, no ulcers, growths, cysts, or congenital malformations. The secretions are egg white-like or white paste-like, without fishy odor and in small amounts, but increase during ovulation and pregnancy. If your vaginal discharge is to be examined, your doctor will take a sample at this time.

3. Cervix

Purpose of examination: To observe whether there are any tumors, ulcers, erosions, or polyps on the cervix, whether the cervix is ​​normal in size, whether the surface is smooth, whether the texture is too hard, and whether there is uterine prolapse. Normal cervix: bulges around the periphery and a hole in the middle. The shape of the navel for non-pregnant women is round, while that for pregnant women is "I"-shaped, tough, flesh-red, and has a smooth surface. If you want to do a cervical cancer smear test, your doctor will take a specimen at this time.

The doctor takes out the speculum, puts on a pair of very thin rubber gloves, applies Vaseline, and slowly inserts one or two fingers into the vagina. The other hand is placed on the lower abdomen and presses down hard. This is an examination of the uterus and appendages. This will make you nervous again and even a little painful. There's no way, just relax, stare at the ceiling and distract yourself. If you are overweight, you should relax even more. You will feel pain when your fingers touch the bottom of the uterus, but it will not last long, about 1 minute.

4. Uterus and appendages

Purpose of examination: To understand the location of the uterine fundus, whether it is active, and its texture. If the uterus is enlarged, too hard, or has an uneven surface, these are abnormal phenomena and further examination is required. Normal uterus: inverted pear-shaped, 7-8cm long, 4-5cm wide, 2-3cm thick, most of them are in an anteriorly tilted and anteflexed position, with a medium hardness and good mobility. The ovaries and fallopian tubes are collectively called "appendages". They are movable and feel slightly sore and swollen when touched. Normal fallopian tubes cannot be palpated.