What's going on with the bleeding below?

What's the reason for bleeding when you pinch your vagina? The reason for this symptom is actually very simple. It is mainly because the blood vessels in the vaginal lining are ruptured, causing blood to flow out of the blood vessels. In this case, the amount of bleeding is generally not large and can stop on its own. Sometimes there may be special circumstances where the amount of bleeding is heavy and difficult to stop. In this case, it may be that a larger blood vessel is hit. If this happens, you need to do the following checks.

(1) Laboratory examination: routine blood and urine examination. Patients of childbearing age often require urine or blood HCG testing to rule out pregnancy or pregnancy-related diseases. Depending on the situation, thyroid function, liver function, kidney function, coagulation function and sex hormone tests may also be required.

(2) Cervical cytology and HPV testing: Patients who have bleeding during sexual intercourse or cervical inflammation, polyps, or bleeding should undergo this examination, which can help diagnose early cervical cancer.

(3) Ultrasound examination: B-ultrasound (transabdominal or transvaginal): Patients with uterine bleeding often need to undergo pelvic B-ultrasound examination to understand the size and shape of the uterus, the thickness of the endometrium, whether there are abnormal echoes in the uterine cavity, whether there are masses in the adnexal area and the characteristics of the masses, and whether there is abdominal effusion.

( 4) Biopsy: ① Lesions of the vulva, vagina, and cervix can be directly biopsied to confirm the diagnosis. If choriocarcinoma is suspected, biopsy should be avoided because uncontrollable massive bleeding from the lesion may occur. ② For patients with uterine bleeding, a diagnostic curettage is often required to confirm the diagnosis or stop bleeding (generally limited to married patients), and the scraped tissue must be subjected to pathological examination. For those suspected of endometrial cancer, segmental diagnostic curettage is performed. That is, the cervical canal is scraped first, then the depth of the uterine cavity is explored and the endometrial tissue is scraped. After the source of the specimens is marked, they are sent for pathological examination to assist in the diagnosis of endometrial cancer.

(5) Endoscopic examination : ① Hysteroscopic examination: When B-ultrasound shows abnormal uterine cavity echo, or when functional uterine bleeding has been diagnosed and long-term treatment has been ineffective, hysteroscopy is required. To determine whether there are any lesions in the uterine cavity, such as submucosal myoma, endometrial polyps, cancer, etc. ② Laparoscopic examination: If a pelvic mass or endometriosis is found during gynecological examination or B-ultrasound, laparoscopy can provide a definitive diagnosis.